PL-SQL

Introduction

  • Course Objectives, Course Agenda and Class Account Information
  • The Human Resources (HR) Schema
  • Appendices Used in this Course
  • PL/SQL Development Environments

Introduction to PL/SQL

  • Understanding the benefits and structure of PL/SQL
  • Understanding PL/SQL Blocks
  • Generating output messages in PL/SQL

Declaring PL/SQL Variables

  • Identifying valid and invalid identifiers
  • Declaring and initializing variables
  • Various data types
  • Identifying the benefits of using the %TYPE attribute
  • Using bind variables

Writing Anonymous PL/SQL blocks

  • Lexical Units in a PL/SQL Block
  • Using SQL Functions in PL/SQL
  • Data Type Conversion
  • Using Nested Blocks as Statements
  • Referencing an Identifier Value in a Nested Block
  • Qualifying an Identifier with a Label
  • Operators in PL/SQL
  • Using Sequences in PL/SQL Expressions

Using SQL Statements within a PL/SQL Block

  • Using SQL Statements in PL/SQL
  • Retrieving Data in PL/SQL with the SELECT statement
  • Using Naming Conventions in DML Statements and data retrieval
  • Manipulating Data on the Server Using PL/SQL
  • SQL Cursors
  • Using SQL Cursor Attributes to Obtain Feedback on DML
  • Saving and Discarding Transactions

Writing Control Structures

  • Controlling PL/SQL Flow of Execution
  • Using IF and CASE Statements for conditional processing
  • Handling Nulls
  • Building Boolean Conditions with Logical Operators
  • Using Iterative Control with Loop Statements

Working with Composite Data Types

  • Composite Data Types of PL/SQL Records and Tables
  • Using PL/SQL Records
  • Inserting and Updating PL/SQL Records
  • Using INDEX BY Tables
  • Using Associative arrays
  • Declaring and Using VArrays

Using Explicit Cursors

  • Cursors
  • Explicit Cursor Operations
  • Controlling Explicit Cursors
  • Using Explicit Cursors to Process Rows
  • Cursors and Records
  • Cursor FOR Loops Using Subqueries
  • Explicit Cursor Attributes
  • %NOTFOUND and %ROWCOUNT Attributes

Handling Exceptions

  • Concept of Exception
  • Handling Exceptions with PL/SQL
  • Predefined Exceptions
  • Trapping Predefined and Non-predefined Oracle Server Errors
  • Functions that Return Information on Exceptions
  • Usage of PRAGMA keyword
  • Trapping User-Defined Exceptions
  • Propagating Exceptions

Creating Stored Procedures and Functions

  • Overview of Stored Procedures and Functions
  • Differentiating between anonymous blocks and subprograms
  • CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE | FUNCTION
  • Understanding the Header Area of a Stored Procedure and Function
  • Creating Simple Procedures and Functions
  • Creating a Simple Procedure with an IN Parameter
  • Executing a Procedure and a Function